THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE THIRD SECTOR TO PUBLIC POLICY

IMPORTANCE, CHALLENGES, AND GOVERNMENT STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE RISKS OF ILLEGALITY

Abstract

The third sector has played a fundamental role in the implementation of public policies across various countries, notably through the provision of public services, innovation in state policies, and oversight of government actions. This article examines the partnerships between the third sector and the state, considering both the opportunities and challenges of this relationship. The methodology includes a literature review and the analysis of both international and national case studies related to the third sector's role in implementing public policies. The findings indicate that, in addition to instances where non-governmental organizations (NGOs) deliberately engage in illegal activities—which should be addressed through the strengthening of the legal framework, rigorous oversight, and appropriate sanctions—there is a significant number of irregularities stemming from the lack of organizational capacity within NGOs, such as governance issues and limited technical expertise. To mitigate the risk of illegality arising from these shortcomings, a viable strategy for governments is to invest in capacity building and institutional development for third-sector organizations. Such investment includes training, strategic partnerships, and targeted financial support, enabling these entities to operate more effectively and competently, thereby maximizing their impact in supporting public policy implementation and contributing to stronger, more effective relationships between the state and the third sector, in alignment with both legal and public ethical standards.